26 nov. 2009 DIABETUL GESTATIONAL SI ASOCIEREA SA ULTERIOARA CU DIABETUL ZAHARAT DE TIP 2 : ASPECTE EPIDEMIOLOGICE SI FIZIOPATOLOGICE
Fulga Florescu¹, Doru Diculescu¹, Renata Nicula¹, Sebastian Surugiu²
¹ Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj-Napoca
²Spitalul Clinic de Urgenta “Octavian Fodor”, Cluj-Napoca
Rezumat
Sarcina reprezinta o perioada de importante modificari metabolice si endocrine ce determina un status de intoleranta la carbohidrati, mentinut în limite normale în majoritatea cazurilor. O rezistenta materna crescuta la actiunea insulinei sta la baza diabetului zaharat gestational, în determinismul ei fiind implicati numerosi factori (leptina, hormonul lactogen placentar, somatostatina, obezitatea materna).
Articolul prezinta principalele mecanisme implicate în aparitia insulinorezistentei materne (alaturi de consecintele ei clinice si fiziopatologice), reglarea metabolica materno-fetala, factorii de risc pentru dezvoltarea diabetului zaharat gestational si ulterior a diabetului zaharat tip 2.
Abstract – GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS (GDM) AND ITS SUBSEQUENT ASSOCIATION WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS (DM): EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Pregnancy represents a period of important metabolic and endocrine changes wich results in a status of carbohydrate intolerance maintained within normal limits in the majority of cases. An increased maternal resistance against the insulin action lies at the basis of gestational diabetes mellitus, involving factors such leptine, placental lactogen hormone, somatostatine, maternal obesity.
Our review presents the main mechanisms involved in appearance of the maternal insulin-ressistance (and its clinical and pathophysiological consequences), the maternal-fetal metabolic regulation and the risk factors for developing gestational diabetes mellitus and, subsequent, type 2 diabetes mellitus.